Schins Archive

Busch M, Bredeck G, Bouwmeester H, Schins RPF: NLRP3 inflammasome activation by particles and fibers: implications for human hazard assessment. Arch Toxicol 2026. doi: 10.1007/s00204-026-04477-x

van Kesteren PCE, van Berlo D, Bard D, Butler O, Dekkers S, Hadrup N, Lovén K, Riediker M, Schins RPF, van Thriel C, Vogel U, Gosens I: Health-based nanomaterial guidance value (HNGV) for occupational exposure to spheroidal biodurable engineered nanomaterials of relatively low substance-specific toxicity. NanoImpact 42: 100621, 2026. doi: 10.1016/j.impact.2026.100621

van Kesteren PCE, van Berlo D, Bard D, Butler O, Dekkers S, Hadrup N, Lovén K, Riediker M, Schins RPF, van Thriel C,...

Vanbrabant K, Rasking L, Alfano R, Ameloot M, Craps L, Martens DS, Vanmierlo T, Vangeneugden M, Nawrot TS, Schins RPF, Cassee FR, Plusquin M: Molecular basis for the early life sensitization of the brain to ultrafine carbonaceous particles: a study of the brain proteome, telomeres, and epigenetic modelling. Environ Int 207: 110058, 2026. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2026.110058

Bredeck G, Wahle T, Kämpfer AAM, Dobner J, Boere AJF, Fokkens P, Duistermaat E, Spannbrucker T, Rossi A, Cassee FR, Schins RPF: Assessing the toxicity of traffic-derived air pollution using a primary human air-liquid interface airway in vitro model. Environ Res 285(3): 122399, 2025. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2025.122399

Rasking L, Vanbrabant K, Sun P, Vangeneugden M, Strauch M, Schins RPF, Cassee FR, Bové H, De Vusser K, Nawrot TS, Tammaro A, Boor P, Plusquin M: Kidney morphological changes associated with early-life carbonaceous ultrafine particle exposure: A pathomics approach. Environ Res 285(3): 122458, 2025. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2025.122458

Bredeck G, Schins RPF: Models to evaluate the pulmonary toxicity of desert dust and what we have learned from them so far: a mini-review. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 398(9): 11349-11356, 2025. doi: 10.1007/s00210-025-03891-9

Lepistö T, Aurela M, Landesart H, Silvonen V, Markkula L, Hoivala J, Schins RPF, Timonen H, Jalava P, Saarikoski S, Rönkkö T: The regional and local sources of particle lung deposited surface area (LDSA^al) and aerosol physical and chemical characteristics in a major Central European city. Atmos Environ 350: 121181, 2025. doi: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121181

Hornstein T, Spannbrucker T, Unfried K: Combustion-derived carbon nanoparticles cause delayed apoptosis in neutrophil-like HL-60 cells in vitro and in primed human neutrophilic granulocytes ex vivo. Part Fibre Toxicol 22(1): 6, 2025. doi: 10.1186/s12989-025-00621-0

Lintusaari H, Lepistö T, Saarikoski S, Salo L, Silvonen V, Barreira LMF, Aurela M, Hoivala J, Markkula L, Ondracek J, Wahle T, Vojtisek-Lom M, Topinka J, Schins RPF, Jalava P, Timonen H, Kanninen KM, Rönkkö T: Importance of sub-23 nm particles in traffic environments: Particle number emission factors and extrathoracic deposition doses. Environ Pollut 125835, 2025. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2025.125835

Ramal-Sanchez M, Bravo-Trippetta C, D’Antonio V, Corvaglia E, Kämpfer AAM, Schins RPF, Serafini M, Angelino D: Development and assessment of an intestinal tri-cellular model to investigate the pro/anti-inflammatory potential of digested foods. Front Immunol 16: 1545261, 2025. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1545261

Sousa APT, Kämpfer AAM, Schins RPF, Carvalho F, Fernandes E, Freitas M: Protective effects of quercetin on intestinal barrier and cellular viability against silver nanoparticle exposure: insights from an intestinal co-culture model. Nanotoxicol 19(2): 141-155, 2025. doi: 10.1080/17435390.2025.2450372

Vanbrabant K, Rasking L, Vangeneugden M, Bové H, Ameloot M, Vanmierlo T, Schins RPF, Cassee FR, Plusquin M: Impact on murine neurodevelopment of early-life exposure to airborne ultrafine carbon nanoparticles. Part Fibre Toxicol 21(1): 51, 2024. doi: 10.1186/s12989-024-00612-7

Becht JM, Kohlleppel H, Schins RPF, Kämpfer AAM: Effect of Butyrate on Food-Grade Titanium Dioxide Toxicity in Different Intestinal In Vitro Models. Chem Res Toxicol 37(9):1501-1514, 2024. doi: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.4c00086

Bredeck G, Dos S Souza EJ, Wigmann C, Fomba KW, Herrmann H, Schins RPF: The influence of long-range transported Saharan dust on the inflammatory potency of ambient PM_2.5 and PM₁₀. Environ Res 252(3): 119008, 2024. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.119008

Bredeck G, Dobner J, Rossi A, Schins RPF: Saharan dust induces the lung disease-related cytokines granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor. Environ Int 186: 108580, 2024. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108580

Silvonen V, Salo L, Raunima T, Vojtisek-Lom M, Ondracek J, Topinka J, Schins RPF, Lepistö T, Lintusaari H, Saarikoski S, Barreira L, Hoivala J, Markkula L, Kulmala I, Vinha J, Karjalainen P, Rönkkö T: Lung-depositing surface area (LDSA) of particles in office spaces around Europe: Size-distributions, I/O-ratios and infiltration. Build Environ 246:110999, 2023. doi: 10.1016/j.buildenv.2023.110999

Schröter L, Jentsch L, Maglioni S, Muñoz-Juan A, Wahle T, Limke A, von Mikecz A, Laromaine A, Ventura N: A multisystemic approach revealed aminated polystyrene nanoparticles-induced neurotoxicity. Small e2302907, 2024. doi: 10.1002/smll.202302907

Bredeck G, Dobner J, Stahlmecke B, Fomba KW, Herrmann H, Rossi A, Schins RPF: Saharan dust induces NLRP3-dependent inflammatory cytokines in an alveolar air-liquid interface co-culture model. Part Fibre Toxicol 20: 39, 2023. doi: 10.1186/s12989-023-00550-w

Schiavi A, Cirotti C, Gerber LS, Di Lauro G, Petzsch P, Köhrer KE, Schins RPF, Wahle T, Barilà D, Ventura N: Abl depletion via autophagy mediates the beneficial effects of quercetin against Alzheimer pathology across species. Cell Death Discov 9 (1): 376, 2023. doi: 10.1038/s41420-023-01592-x

Lepistö T, Lintusaari H, Oudin A, Barreira LMF, Niemi JV, Karjalainen P, Salo L, Silvonen V, Markkula L, Hoivala J, Marjanen P, Martikainen S, Aurela M, Reyes Reyes F, Oyola P, Kuuluvainen H, Manninen HE, Schins RPF, Vojtisek-Lom M, Ondracek J, Topinka J, Timonen H, Jalava P, Saarikoski S, Rönkkö T: Particle lung deposited surface area (LDSA^al) size distributions in different urban environments and geographical regions: Towards understanding of the PM_2.5 dose–response. Environ Int 180: 108224, 2023. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.108224

Busch M, Brouwer H, Aalderink G, Bredeck G, Kämpfer AAM, Schins RPF, Bouwmeester H: **Investigating nanoplastics toxicity using advanced stem cell-based intestinal and lung in vitro models**. Front Toxicol 5: 1112212, 2023. doi: 10.3389/ftox.2023.1112212

Bredeck G, Busch M, Rossi A, Stahlmecke B, Fomba KW, Herrmann H, Schins RPF: Inhalable Saharan dust induces oxidative stress, NLRP3 inflammasome activation, and inflammatory cytokine release. Environ Int 172: 107732, 2023. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.107732

Gerber LS, Heusinkveld HJ, Langendoen C, Stahlmecke B, Schins RP, Westerink RH: Acute, sub-chronic and chronic exposures to TiO₂ and Ag nanoparticles differentially affects neuronal function in vitro. Neurotoxicology 93: 311-323, 2022. doi: 10.1016/j.neuro.2022.10.010

Stermann T, Nguyen T, Stahlmecke B, Todea AM, Woeste S, Hacheney I, Krutmann J, Unfried K, Schins RPF, Rossi A: Carbon nanoparticles adversely affect CFTR expression and toxicologically relevant pathways. Sci Rep 12(1): 14255, 2022. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-18098-8

Busch M, Bredeck G, Waag F, Rahimi K, Ramachandran H, Bessel T, Barcikowski S, Herrmann A, Rossi A, Schins RPF: Assessing the NLRP3 inflammasome activating potential of a large panel of micro- and nanoplastics in THP-1 cells. Biomolecules 12(8): 1095, 2022. doi: 10.3390/biom12081095

Scarcello E, Sofranko A, Wahle T, Schins RP: Neurotoxicity of engineered nanomaterials: testing considerations. Front Public Health 10: 904544, 2022. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.904544

Busch M, Ramachandran H, Wahle T, Rossi A, Schins RPF: Investigating the role of the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway in acute intestinal inflammation: use of THP-1 knockout cell lines in an advanced triple culture model. Front Immunol 13: 898039, 2022. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.898039

Kämpfer AAM, Shah UK, Chu SL, Busch M, Büttner V, He R, Rothen-Rutishauser B, Schins RPF, Jenkins GJ: Interlaboratory comparison of an intestinal triple culture to confirm transferability and reproducibility. In vitro models, 2022. doi: 10.1007/s44164-022-00025-w

Sofranko A, Wahle T, Kolling J, Heusinkveld HJ, Stahlmecke B, Rosenbruch M, Albrecht C, Schins RPF: Effects of subchronic dietary exposure to the engineered nanomaterials SiO₂ and CeO₂ in C57BL/6J and 5xFAD Alzheimer model mice. Part Fibre Toxicol 19(1): 23, 2022. doi: 10.1186/s12989-022-00461-2

Elberskirch L, Sofranko A, Liebing J, Riefler N, Binder K, Bonatto Minella C, Razum M, Mädler L, Unfried K, Schins RPF, Kraegeloh A, van Thriel C: How structured meta data acquisition contributes to reproducibility of nanosafety studies: Evaluation by a Round-Robin Test. Nanomaterials 12(7): 1053, 2022. doi: 10.3390/nano12071053

Doak SH, Clift MJD, Costa A, Delmaar C, Gosens I, Halappanavar S, Kelly S, Pejinenburg WJGM, Rothen-Rutishauser B, Schins RPF, Stone V, Tran L, Vijver MG, Vogel U, Wohlleben W, Cassee FR: The road to achieving the European Commission’s chemicals strategy for nanomaterial sustainability-A PATROLS perspective on new approach methodologies. Small 18(17): e2200231, 2022. doi: 10.1002/smll.202200231

Elberskirch L, Binder K, Riefler N, Sofranko A, Liebing J, Bonatto Minella C, Mädler L, Razum M, van Thriel C, Unfried K, Schins RPF, Kraegeloh A: Digital research data: from analysis of existing standards to a scientific foundation for a modular metadata schema in Nanosafety. Part Fibre Toxicol 19: 1, 2022. doi: 10.1186/s12989-021-00442-x

Martikainen MV, Aakko-Saksa P, van den Broek L, Cassee FR, Carare RO, Chew S, Dinnyes A, Giugno R, Kanninen KM, Malm T, Muala A, Nedergaard M, Oudin A, Oyola P, Pfeiffer TV, Rönkkö T, Saarikoski S, Sandström T, Schins RPF, Topinka J, Yang M, Zeng X, Westerink RHS, Jalava PI: TUBE project: Transport-derived Ultrafines and the Brain Effects. Int J Environ Res Public Health 19(1): 311, 2021. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19010311

Bredeck G, Kämpfer AAM, Sofranko A, Wahle T, Büttner V, Albrecht C, Schins RPF: Ingested engineered nanomaterials affect the expression of mucin genes—an in vitro – in vivo comparison. Nanomaterials 11(10): 2621, 2021. doi: 10.3390/nano11102621

Bredeck G, Kämpfer AAM, Sofranko A, Wahle T, Lison D, Ambroise J, Stahlmecke B, Albrecht C, Schins RPF: Effects of dietary exposure to the engineered nanomaterials CeO₂, SiO₂, Ag, and TiO₂ on the murine gut microbiome. Nanotoxicology 15(7): 934-950, 2021. doi: 10.1080/17435390.2021.1940339

Busch M, Kämpfer A, Schins R: An inverted in vitro triple culture model of the healthy and inflamed intestine: adverse effects of polyethylene particles. Chemosphere 284: 131345, 2021. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131345

Sofranko A, Wahle T, Heusinkveld HJ, Stahlmecke B, Dronov M, Pijnenburg D, Hilhorst R, Lamann K, Albrecht C, Schins RPF: Evaluation of the neurotoxic effects of engineered nanomaterials in C57BL/6J mice in 28-day oral exposure studies. Neurotoxicology 84: 155-171, 2021. doi: 10.1016/j.neuro.2021.03.005

Binder K, Bonatto Minella C, Elberskirch L, Kraegeloh A, Liebing J, Petzold C, Razum M, Riefler N, Schins R, Sofranko A, van Thriel C, Unfried K: Discussion on existing standards and quality criteria in nanosafety research. doi: 10.5281/zenodo.4584790

Tacu I, Kokalari I, Abollino O, Albrecht C, Malandrino M, Ferretti AM, Schins RPF, Fenoglio I: Mechanistic insights into the role of iron, copper and carbonaceous component on the oxidative potential of ultrafine particulate matter. Chem Res Toxicol 34(3): 767-779, 2021. doi: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.0c00399

Llewellyn SV, Kämpfer AAM, Keller JG, Vilsmeier K, Büttner V, Seleci DA, Schins RPF, Doak SH, Wohlleben W: Simulating nanomaterial transformation in cascaded biological compartments to enhance the physiological relevance of in vitro dosing regimes: Optional or required? Small 17(15): e2004630, 2021. doi: 10.1002/smll.202004630

Kämpfer AAM, Busch B, Büttner V, Bredeck G, Stahlmecke B, Hellack B, Masson I, Albrecht C, Schins RP: Model complexity as determining factor for in vitro nanosafety studies – Effects of silver and titanium dioxide nanomaterials in intestinal models. Small 17(15): e2004223, 2021. doi: 10.1002/smll.202004223

Fritsche E, Haarmann-Stemmann T, Kapr J, Galanjuk S, Hartmann J, Mertens PR, Kämpfer AAM, Schins RPF, Tigges J, Koch K: Stem cells for next level toxicity testing in the 21st century. Small 17(15): e2006252, 2021 (online 2020). doi: 10.1002/smll.202006252

Busch M, Bredeck G, Kämpfer AAM, Schins RPF: Investigations of acute effects of polystyrene and polyvinyl chloride micro- and nanoplastics in an advanced in vitro triple culture model of the healthy and inflamed intestine. Environ Res 193: 110536, 2021 (online 2020). doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.110536

White A, Kanninen K, Malm T, Schins RPF: Editorial: Air pollution and brain health. Neurochem Int 141: 104900, 2020. doi: 10.1016/j.neuint.2020.104900

Kolling J, Tigges J, Hellack B, Albrecht C, Schins RP: Evaluation of the NLRP3 inflammasome activating effects of a large panel of TiO₂ nanomaterials in macrophages. Nanomaterials 10(9): 1876, 2020. doi: 10.3390/nano10091876

Wahle T, Sofranko A, Dekkers S, Miller MR, Heusinkveld HJ, Albrecht C, Cassee FR, Schins RPF: Evaluation of neurological effects of cerium dioxide nanoparticles doped with different amounts of zirconium following inhalation exposure in mouse models of Alzheimer’s and vascular disease. Neurochem Int 138: 104755, 2020. doi: 10.1016/j.neuint.2020.104755

Kämpfer AAM, Busch M, Schins RPF: **Advanced in vitro testing strategies and models of the intestine for nanosafety research.** Chem Res Toxicol 33(5): 1163-1178, 2020. doi: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.0c00079

Boots AW, Veith C, Albrecht C, Bartholome R, Drittij MJ, Claessen SMH, Bast A, Rosenbruch M, Jonkers L, van Schooten FJ, Schins RPF: The dietary antioxidant quercetin reduces hallmarks of bleomycin-induced lung fibrogenesis in mice. BMC Pulm Med 20: 112, 2020. doi: 10.1186/s12890-020-1142-x